Cardio Insights: Timing, Types, and Benefits for Optimal Fitness Cardiovascular exercise, or cardio, is an integral part of fitness regimens around the globe. It offers a myriad of benefits, from fat reduction to improved heart and cardiovascular health. However, the effectiveness of cardio is greatly influenced by its timing and type. This article explores the intricacies of fasted versus non-fasted cardio, the dual objectives of fat loss and cardiovascular enhancement, and the strategic placement of cardio in relation to resistance training. Fasted vs. Non-Fasted Cardio The ongoing debate about fasted versus non-fasted cardio revolves around the body’s choice of fuel during exercise. Fasted cardio is typically done on an empty stomach after an overnight fast. Its advocates argue that this condition is ideal for fat burning since low glycogen levels force the body to utilize fat reserves for energy. Nonetheless, it’s crucial to monitor target heart rate zones during these sessions. Operating within the fat-burning zone—approximately 50% to 70% of your maximum heart rate—ensures fat is the primary fuel source. Surpassing this zone may prompt the body to use glycogen and muscle tissue, particularly if glycogen levels are already diminished. Conversely, non-fasted cardio occurs after food intake, supplying the energy needed for more intense and enduring workouts. This is especially advantageous for extended or strenuous cardio sessions where sustained energy is essential. With readily available glycogen from food, the body is less inclined to consume muscle protein for energy, even at higher heart rate zones. What Does the Research Indicate? Most studies suggest that the difference between fasted and non-fasted cardio is minimal. Ultimately, it boils down to the balance between calories consumed (from your daily diet) and calories burned (through exercise, including cardio and weight training). Science tells us that the choice between fasted and non-fasted cardio is largely a matter of personal preference. However, let’s explore another perspective: bro-science. If you’re unfamiliar with the term, check out my previous blog post on bro-science here https://ironloregym.com/blog/what-is-bro-science/. Bro-science often contradicts scientific findings. Bodybuilders, in particular, tend to favor fasted cardio despite the research. Why? Because their personal experiences and anecdotal evidence—along with the results they observe in fellow bodybuilders—suggest that fasted cardio works best for them. Cardio for Fat Burning vs. Cardiovascular Health Regardless of the fasted/non-fasted debate, all forms of cardio contribute to both fat burning and cardiovascular health. The key lies in understanding the nuances:

1. Low to Moderate-Intensity Cardio (The “Fat-Burning Zone”):
   • This zone, sustained over a longer duration, primarily burns fat.
   • It’s gentler on the heart.
   • However, remember that fat loss depends on the total calorie deficit, not just the percentage of energy derived from fat during exercise.
2. High-Intensity Cardio (The Cardiovascular Zone):
   • Operating at 70% to 85% of your maximum heart rate strengthens the cardiovascular system.
   • It improves endurance and leads to higher calorie burn during and after exercise.
   • While it may not maximize fat burning during the workout, it offers overall health benefits.

Why Cardio After Weight Training Verse Before Training? The order of cardio and weight training significantly impacts your workout effectiveness. Here’s why doing cardio after weight training is often recommended:

• Preservation of Glycogen:
  • Weight training primarily depletes glycogen stores.
  • Doing cardio afterward ensures that glycogen is available for lifting during strength training.
• Enhanced Fat Burning:
  • Post-weight training, glycogen stores are depleted.
  • This encourages the body to burn more fat during the subsequent cardio session, especially if you stay within the fat-burning heart rate zone.
• Improved Cardiovascular Endurance:
  • Cardio after weights serves as a cool-down.
  • It helps regulate blood flow and reduces muscle stiffness.

In Conclusion Your ideal cardio approach depends on your goals, preferences, and physical condition. Whether you choose fasted or non-fasted cardio, prioritize fat burning or cardiovascular health, or decide when to incorporate cardio in your routine, understanding target heart rate zones is crucial. Consistency and enjoyment of your workouts are key to long-term success. Remember, science provides guidelines, but your personal experience matters. Listen to your body, experiment, and find what works best for you. Happy sweating! 💪🏃‍♀️🔥